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Bauddha manīṣā- Bauddheṣu Pramāṇamīmāṃsā

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Bauddha manīṣā

Bauddheṣu Pramāṇamīmāṃsā

 

asti mahad rikthaṃ bauddhanaiyāyikānāṃ bhāratīyapramāṇamīmāṃsāśastrāṇāṃ

samudbhāvane saṃvikāse samupabṛṃhaṇe ca | ramāṇamīmāṃsakeṣu bauddhataditarayoḥ

katarasmin sampradāye idamprathamatayā pramāṇaśāstraṃ prādurbhāvamabhajaditi

pracurapramāṇānupalabdheradyāpi nirṇetuṃ naiva śakyam | gautamīya-ūrvapakṣasūtreṣvanāhāryotthāpitānāṃ pratyakṣādyaprāmāṇya- traikālyakhaṇḍanavyaktipadārthatva - samarthanānātmatvābhāvādbhāvotpatti-kṣaṇabhaṅgatvānīśvaratvānavayavitvavi- jñānamātratvādibauddhavādānāṃ

tattatsaugatatantreṣu tattatparyavasitarūpāṇāṃ paryālocanayā pramāṇa-premayavikāsasamīkṣayā ca vidyābhūṣaṇa- dāsaguptādiparikalpito bauddhapramāṇacarcāyā

nyāyasūtrottarabhāvitvasiddhānto na nrigalito bhavati | pūrvapakṣasūtreṣu

kathañcit purātanāsadvijñānavādasthitikalpanāpi śūnya- vijñānavādapravartakatvenākhyāta- nāgārjunamaitreyāsaṅgavasubandhuprabhṛtīnāṃ nyāyasūtrottarabhāvitvamanorathaṃ

na pūrayati | śūnyavijñānānātmatirikta-pūrvoktasūtrasthavādāstatratyasaugatatantrasiddhāntapradaprāptā

ātmānaṃ nirāyāsaṃ nyāyasūtra- pratipādita- siddhāntebhyo'pi prāktanatvaṃ

dyotayanti, saṃbhavayanti ca nyāyasūtrānapekṣi- sarvāstivādasammatapramāṇaprameyādikhaṇḍanaiḥ

nāgārjunādīnāṃ sarvanāstitvavāda-sāfalyam, sarvāstivāda-mādhyamikādimatāpekṣitvaṃ ca nyāyasūtrapūrvapakṣavādānām

| yā hi vigrahavyāvarttanyām tadvṛttau ca pūrvapakṣatvena samupalabdhā catuṣpramāṇacarcā, sā svodgamaprasthānamanviṣantī, adyāpyasamañjameva niravakāśā bhramati | nyāyasūtrakṛt

tadbhāṣyakṛt-tadvārtikakṛt-tattātparyakṛdbhiḥ svaprasthāne yo'ṅgīkāraḥ

samupalabhyate, sa tadvirodhenānyakalpane

viśiṣṭabādhakapramāṇopalabdhimantarā naiva vidvatsahaḥ | suviditameva bauddhanāṃ

tarkānurodhitvaṃ śruti- smṛtyanuyāyināṃ ca prācīnavaidika-dārśanikānāṃ tadvirodhitvamiti | tadevam

anurodhitvena bauddheṣu tarkāṇāṃ purvabhāvaḥ , tatprabhāvād gautamīyādiṣu paścādbhāvo nāsamañjasaḥ

pratīyate | bhavatu vā aitihāsikānāṃ sambhāvanāmaṇḍito yathā-tathā-vādaḥ, na tasyeha idānīṃ prāsaṅgikatvam | saugatapramāṇaśāstraṇāṃ

parīkṣayā kāṇādagautamīyaiḥ samaṃ saugatakṛta-vāda-jalpa-vitaṇḍākathānāṃ paurvāparyopajīvakopajīvyabhāvasamīkṣayā

tu saprakāśaṃ mayā prakāśanīyaḥ |

 

brahyajālīyaparapravādān parīkṣitum, parirakṣituṃ ca duḥkhanirodhagāminīṃ pratipad

viśuddhiṃ bhagavatā buddhena sarvasaṃskārāṇām anityatvabodhāya, sarvaduḥkhānāṃ ca antakaraṇāya, śīlasamādhyorapi jananīva utpādayitrī pālayitrī

ca mahāprajñā prajñāpāramitā puraskṛtā | prajñāprāmāṇyodbodhanāya vaiśālyāṃ kūṭāgāraśālāyāmudīritaṃ

na tāvāhaṃ pāpima, parinibbāyissāmi yāva me

bhikkhū uppannaṃ parapvādaṃ sahadhammena suniggahitaṃ niggahetvā sapāṭihāriyaṃ

dhammaṃ desisantī ' ti ( udāne 6/9 ) bhagavadvacanaṃ praśasyataramiva bhavati |

etadgarbhikṛtamidam aṣṭasāhasnikāvacanamapi samyagavadheyaṃ bhavati - praġyāpāramitaiva āyuṣmana sāriputra, sārvayānikī' iti | kiṃ bahunā , ' yatkiñcidudayadharmakaṃ tannirodhadharmakam ' yaṃ kiṃci samudayadhammaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ

nirodhadhammaṃ ' ti ( udāne 5/3 ) nāhamekadharmamapi anabhijñāyāpariġyāya duḥkhasyāntakriyāṃ

vadāmī ( a.ko.bhā. 1/15 ) tyādibuddhavacanāni sfuṭameva

vyaptyanumitigarbhāṃ kathām udāharanti | nityāgamapratipāditamarthaṃ na

bahumanyamānāḥ śraddhāprajñayośca ' prajñāpradhānaṃ tvanayo' rityādināgārjunādivacanaiḥ ( ratnāvalī - 5 ) prajñāyā eva prādhānyamityudghoṣayanto

bauddhadārśanikā avidyā-pratipakṣatvena aṅgībhūtāyāṃ

madhyamāyāṃ pratipadi prathamatvena ca anubhavāvasānāṃ samyagdṛṣṭirūpāṃ vidyāṃ

puraskurvanti | eṣa prajñāpuraskāra evotsabhūmiḥ bauddhapramāṇaśāstrāṇām |

prajñāparāṇāṃ saugatānāṃ pramāṇavyasanitvaṃ sahajenaiva sambhāvayituṃ śakyaṃ

yena lokottaravādibhistaiḥ diṅgnāgapramukhaiḥ śūnyatādvayādhigamarūpasya

dharmakāyabhūtasya buddhasyaiva pramāṇarūpatvam, tasyaiva ca ' prajñāpāramitā- jñānamadvayaṃ sa tathāgatah ' ( prajñāpāramitā- piṇḍārthaḥ ) ityādivacanaiḥ advayajñānarūpatvaṃ vyavasthāpya

pamāṇabhūtāya jagaddhitaiṣiṇe ( pra.sa. 1 / 1 ) ityādibhiḥ satyacatuṣṭayāvisaṃvādine tasmai

namaskāro'bhihitaḥ dharmakīrttinā ca pramāṇavārttikaprathamaparicchedapratipādyena

avisaṃvādanāt bhagavataḥ pramāṇabhūtatvamiti vyākhyātam | etatsarvam

abhiprotyoktaṃ prajñākāramatinā bhagavataḥ pramāṇabhūtatvamiti vyākhyātam |

etatsarvam abhiprotyoktaṃ prajñākāramatinā pramāṇavārttikālaṅkārabhāṣye ( pṛ 116 ) pramāṇādeva samastasiddhiriti pratipādayatā -

 

pramāṇatattvaṃ bhagavāṃstathāgato dideśa yasmādubhayena

nityam |

ataḥ paraṃ nāsti tataḥ pramāṇaṃ tathāgatādeva

samastasiddhiḥ | | iti | |

 

evaṃ pramāṇabhūtatvaṃ buddhatve prayojakam

adhigatya , sakalamapi bauddhaprasthānaṃ

sākṣāt paramparayā vā pramāṇamīmāṃsāyāmeva paryavasitaṃ bhavati | evaṃ

satyasmin laghukāyanibandhe saugatasammataṃ jñānasvarūpaṃ samāsena mīyate, prasaṅgena tu kāṇādaṃ gautamīyaṃ cāpi kiṃcid

nirdiśyate |

 

arthākriyāvirahiṇo nityasya jñānasyāprāmāṇyam, anityayā vastusaṅgatāyā eva dhiyaḥ prāmāṇyamiti

bauddhapramāṇacintāyā abhimatam | avisaṃvāditve sati ajñātārthaprakāśakatva

miti pramāṇalakṣaṇaṃ bahyetarobhayavādisammataṃ paramārthasaṃvṛtibhyāṃ dvidhā

bhinnam | paramārthato'dvaitabodhasyājñātārthaprakāśarūpasya avisaṃvādanāt saṃvṛtisataḥ

pratyakṣānumānābhyāṃ sākṣāt paramparayā vā ajñātasvalakṣaṇakānāmavisaṃvāditvena

jñāpanād, dvayoḥ pramāṇyaṃ sidhyati

| arthakriyāsamartha yad ityādi prasiddhapramāṇavārtikavacanaṃ ( 2/3 ) sautrāntikānāṃ bāhyasadvastuvādaṃ vijñānavādināṃ

vijñānaparamārthādvaitavādamanudhāvati | ubhayathāpi ca prāmāṇyāyā dhiyo

vastusaṃgitatvaṃ ca virūdhyati | arthapakṣapāntinyā asyā buddheḥ pramāṇyāya

bauddhaiḥ sarvaprathamaṃ jñeyasvarūpacintā vidhīyate, sandhīyate ca pramāṇavyavasthāyastadeva

prayojakaṃ tattvamiti | ata eva vastuvādisammataḥ meyādhīnā mānasiddhi ritipakṣaḥ

siddhāntinto bhavati | vijñānavāde tu meyena mānavyavasthā yadyapyadhigatā, tathāpi meyaṃ mānādhīnamiti siddhānto'pi

paryavasyati | sahopalambhaniyamād vastubodhe mānaprādhānyamaṅgīkṛtyaiva vijñānavādibhiḥ

saṃkalaṃ bāhyaṃ meyajātamapahatya mānaśeṣatā nītā | mānānurodhena viṣayavyavasthāṃ

prasthāpayadbhiḥ kāṇādagautamīyaiḥ darśanasparśanāmyāmekārthagrahaṇā - ditinyāyāt sthiravati anyatamaprameye anekeṣāṃ

pramāṇānām samavāyaḥ ekena ca pramāṇenanekeṣāṃ grahaṇamiti pramāṇasaṃplavavadaḥ

prastūyate | eṣa ca saṃplavaḥ pramāṇam prameyaṃ cāviśeṣeṇa aniyataṃ saṃplutaṃ

ca karoti | bauddhaistvatra viplavapakṣa āsañjitastadnurūpameva teṣāṃ svalakṣaṇa-sāmānyalakṣaṇābhyāṃ viṣayadvaividhyam pratyakṣānumānābhyāṃ

ca pramāṇadvaividhyaṃ paryavasyati, uktam pramāṇavartike mānaṃ dvividhaṃ viṣayadvaividhyāt

( 2/1) tryekasaṃkhyānirāso va prameyadvayadarśanāt ( 2/64 ) ityādi |

 

asti vastuviṣaye sāmānya - viśeṣābhyāṃ tadubhayamilitarūpābhyāṃ ca bauddhetarayorvipratipattiḥ

| kāṇādagautamīyeṣu sāmānya-viśeṣa-tadvadbhedāttridhātvena na

pramāṇa-prameyadvitve, nāpi prameyeṣva-sāṃkarya pramāṇānām, uktam udyotakarīyavārttike na tāvat pramāṇadvayaṃ

pratipadyāmahe, na viṣayadvayam, nāpyasaṅkaramiti | bauddhamate tu sāmānya - viśeṣābhyām asaṃkīrṇarūpābhyām arthakriyātaddvirūddhābhyāṃ

vastunaḥ svabhāvadvaividhyam, tadvaśāt prameyadvitvaṃ sammataṃ bhavati | vastutastu bauddhamate

sāmānyasyāpi vastutvam āpātaramyameva | buddhāvākārārpaṇa kṣamatvāt tasyaiva cārthakriyākāritvāt

viśeṣasyaiva vastutvaṃ , na sāmānyasya ukta mmeyaṃ

tvekaṃ svalakṣaṇaṃ tasmādarthakriyāsiddhe riti evaṃ satyapi na sarvathā nirālambanaḥ

sāmānya vyavahāraḥ | viśeṣasyaiva anugatākāratvena sāmānyapratīteḥ, tasyaiva ca jñeyasvalakṣaṇarūpatvena samānatayā

sāmānyasvīkārācca | viśeṣa eva yato vijātīyavyāvṛttyāśrayaḥ, ataḥ sa evānugatākārabuddhayā sādhāraṇarūpatayā

bhāsetātra na citram | uktamalaṅkārabhāṣye'pi yadā sākṣājjñānajananaṃ prati śaktatvena

pratīyate, tadā'sau svarūpeṇa lakṣyamāṇatvāt

svalakṣaṇam, yadā tu pāramparyeṇa śaktatvāttasyaiva

pratīti tadā sāmānyarūpeṇa lakṣaṇamiti sāmānyalakṣaṇam | pāramparyeṇa śaktirevāśaktiḥ

paryudāsavṛttyā , na śaktayabhāva eveti |

yataścārthakriyārūpatvena viśeṣa eva vastuna svarūpam atastadevāvisaṃvādanāt paramārthasadapi

| evaṃ sthite asataḥ sāmānyalakṣaṇasyāsatvaṃ svalakṣaṇāśrayatvenaiva yatastad

bhāsate ataḥ pararūpeṇa bhāsamānaṃ vikalpenaiva ca kevalaṃ vyavahāryaūpaṃ

bibhrat tat saṃvṛtyaiva sattvāt saṃvṛtisad bhavati | evaṃ yato hi aparamārthena

asadbhūenāpi lokavyavahāraḥ saṃvādyata eva , ataḥ sa satyamiva satyam | pararūpeṇa

bhavadidaṃ sattvaṃ yathā bhāvāśrayaṃ tathā bhāva vāsanāprasūtavikalpakalpitatvād

ahāvāśrayam, bhāvābhāvāśrayaṃ cāpi

siddhyati | yadyapyasti trividhasyāpi sāmānyasyāviśeṣena asattvameva , tathāpi bhāvopādānatvena svabhāvahetoḥ, abhāvopādānatvenānupalabdhihetoḥ, ubhayopādānatvena kāryahetoḥ sattvamadhigatya

trividhairapi hetubhistattvamadhigamyata eva | dvicandrādīnāṃ sattvaṃ tu

jñeyatvādipararūpeṇāpi na siddhyati, ato na kathamapyanarthabhūtānāṃ teṣāṃ sattvam

| uktaṃ pramāṇavārtike- keśādayo na sāmānyamanarthābhiniveśataḥ

iti |

 

evaṃ caikasyaiva sataḥ svarūpa-pararūpābhyāṃ sva-sāmānyalakṣaṇābhyāṃ yathā viṣayadvayavyavasthā, tathaiva svalakṣaṇamevaikaṃ pratyakṣānumānābhyāṃ

dvābhyāmapi viṣayikriyate | ataeva yat svalakṣaṇarūpaṃ dṛśyaṃ, yacca sāmānyasvarūpaṃ vikalpyaṃ, te ubhe ekīkṛtyaiva lokavyavahāraḥ pravartate

| sāmānyalakṣaṇaṃ vastutvena bhāsamānaṃ sadapi svalakṣaṇatvenāvasīyamānaṃ

vastuviṣayaṃ pravṛttiviṣayaṃ ca bhavati | ata eva bāhyasambaddhatvena pratyakṣasya

bāhyasambaddhasambaddhetvenānumānasya saṃvādakatvaṃ pramāṇyaṃ ca sammataṃ

bhavati | etat sakalamabhipretyoktaṃ dharmottareṇa punarāropito'rtho gṛhyamāṇaḥ

svalakṣaṇatvenāvasīyate yataḥ, tataḥ svalakṣaṇamavasitaṃ pravṛttiviṣayo'numānasyeti | tatra

durvekeṇa coktam tasmānna dvividho viṣayaḥ pramāṇasyābhidhānīyo'pitveka eva

pravṛttiviṣayo'sya khyāpanīya iti evaṃ ekasyaiva ca tasya ratipattiprakārabheda

evāyaṃ pramāṇabhedasya prayojako nānyaḥ | evaṃ ca paramārthabhūtaṃ yatsvalakṣaṇākhyaṃ

prameyaṃ tadevaikaṃ pramāṇasya grāhyamiti paryavasyati, taddhi anadhyavaseyamanabhidheyantattvam |

pramāṇādhyavaseyaṃ tu kevalaṃ pararūpaṃ sāmānyameva | evaṃ ca paramārthasaṃvṛttibhyāmapi

pramāṇaprameyadvayavyavasthā sarvabauddhairadhigatā bhavati | itthaṃ sautrāntikanaye

yathā paramārthasaṃvṛtyoḥ prameyaprayojakatvenāṅgīkārastathā pramāṇadvitvaprayojakatvenāpi

viniyogī na kathamapyasamañjasaḥ |

 

yo hyayaṃ svalakṣaṇākhyaḥ asādhāraṇaḥ svabhāva

uktaḥ ṣa vastuvādibauddhamate paramāṇureva | paramāṇuvādaśca abhidharmakośālambanaparīkṣādyanurodhena

vaibhāṣikasautrāntikamateṣu parasparamanati- bhedabhinneṣu dravyaparamāṇu- saṃghātaparamāṇusaṃcitākāraparamāṇuvādābhidhānaiḥ

bhidyante | aviśeṣeṇa yadyapi paramāṇavo'tīndriyā eva bhavanti , tathāpyaṇu-saṃghāta-saṃcayādibhiḥ aṣṭa-nava-daśaikādaśādīnāṃ sahotpādāt teṣu sparśavattvaṃ

siddhyati | sparśavattvam aṇutvavyāpyamiti svayūthya- siddhāntamaṅgīkṛtya, anaṅgīkṛtyāpi kāṇāda-gautamasammatam avayavivādaṃ saṃhateṣu paramaṇuṣveva

sthaulyādeḥ pratītiḥ svīkṛtā | uktatrividhānitya- paramāṇuvādiṣu atītānāgatākālasattāyā apākaraṇāt

sautrāntika eva pradhānapadaṃ bibharti, yena tatpratipādita-kṣaṇabhaṅgavāda-kṣaṇasantativādābhyāṃ vastunaḥ sūkṣmatamaṃ

svalakṣaṇarūpaṃ prajñaptisacca sāntānikaṃ rūpaṃ prakāśatāṃ gacchati | savavyāpi

cāyaṃ sautrāntikasammato dravyaparamāṇuḥ anityaḥ, deśataḥ kālataḥ svarūpataśca vicchinnaḥ, svatantraśceti sampannaḥ kṣaṇaparamāṇureṣaḥ

santānarāśyādirūpeṇa jñāyate, yatra daiśikaṃ kālikaṃ karmafalādikaṃ sambandhataḥ prakarṣataśca

paripuṣṭaṃ sad bhāsate |

 

etādṛśaparamāṇuvādasvīkārādeva vastuvādino

bauddhastīrthikabāhyārthavādibhyo vyāvṛttā bhavanti | ayaṃ ca vyāvṛttiprakāraḥ

prameye pramāṇaviṣaye ca samānameva paryavasito bhavati | vaiśeṣikanaye paramāṇurnityaḥ

, sthiro dvyaṇukādikrameṇārabdhasyāvayavinaḥ

samavāyikāraṇam, guṇakarma-viśeṣādīnāmāśrayaḥ | bauddhābhimatastu paramāṇuḥ

atīndriyo'pi pratyutpannakālamātra- sattvāt kṣaṇabhaṅgaḥ, tasmādanityaḥ, guṇakarmādīnāmanāśrayo'navayavirūpaḥ siddhyati

| evaṃ ca bauddhasammata- paramāṇusvīkāreṇa gautamakaṇādāṅgīkṛtaṃ

rūpādyatiriktaṃ rūpādyadhiṣṭhānam ekapratyayahetu avayavidravyam, aparāparadeśotpannahastādikṣaṇād bhinnaṃ karma, vyaktivyatireki sāmānyaṃ ceti vādā nirākṛtā

bhavanti | ata eva nyāyavaiśeṣikābhimatāḥ sarvā api dravya-guṇa-karmādipratītayo bauddhamatenānādivāsanālakṣaṇāntarakāraṇanibandhāḥ

prajñaptimātrāṇi, na tā arthadhīnāḥ | evaṃ

yadyapyayaṃ nityaparamāṇuvādaḥ vaiśeṣikaparamparānuprāptastathāpi tebhyaḥ ayāttīkṛtya

kṣaṇabhaṃgāpattyā pūrvabauddhairjīrṇīkṛtaḥ , paravarttibhiśca vijñānapade saṃsthāpyā'sau jaḍāṇuścetanābhāsīkṛtaḥ

| cetanā-bhāsībhūtasyāsya paramāṇoḥ

svarūpaṃ svasaṃviditaṃ saṃ bāhyapadārthānanabhyupagacchāṃ navyabauddhānāṃ kṛte

jñānasyānāsravaṃ jaḍanirmuktaṃ cādvaitasvarūpaṃ prakaṭayati | itthaṃ bauddhānāṃ

ābhāsavapuḥparamāṇu-cintayā anābhāsairbāhyajaḍairjaḍīkṛtamiva

pramāṇadvāramapākṛtya pramātvavyākaraṇāya bāhyaśūnyaṃ sābhāsaṃ saviśadamadhigamamārgam

avātarata | ayaṃ ca vādo yathāsthānaṃ viśadīkarīṣyate |

 

jñānānaṃ nirākāratva-sākāratvavaśādapi tadālambanasya vastunaḥ

sattvaṃ prakaṭitaṃ bhavati, vijñātaṃ ca bhavati jñānasya svarūpam, tatpramātvam, tadavabodhaprakāraśca | sarve'pi bāhyārthavādino

bauddhābauddhadārśanikā vaiśeṣika-vaibhāṣika-sautrāntika-gautamīyā jñānanirākāravādino bhavanti | teṣāṃ

mate jñānānāṃ nirākāratvavaśādapi vastunaḥ sattvaṃ prakaṭitaṃ bhavati, viditaśca bhavati jñānasya svarūpāvabodhahetuḥ

| uktaṃ ca sarve'pi bāhyārtha-vastuvādino bauddhābauddhadārśanikā jñānanirākāratvavādinaḥ santi

| teṣāṃ mate yo'yaṃ jñāne ākāraḥ pratibhāsate, sa grāhakajñānād vyatiriktasya sthirasya kṣaṇikasya

vā grāhyabhūtasya arthasyaiva | ata eva abauddhanaiyāyikaiḥ pratyakṣasthale nirākārajñānāt

tadviprakṛṣṭam artham bodhayituṃ indriyārthayoḥ sannikarṣaḥ, vaibhāṣikasautrāntikaiśca viṣayendriyavijñānānāṃ

trikasparśaḥ manyate | sakalasarvāstivādibauddhānāṃ trikasparśavāditve samāne'pi

asti arthagrahaṇa-arthasārūpyābhyāṃ trikālaikakālavāditvābhyāṃ

ca bhedaḥ | tato'rthājjātaṃ pratyakṣa miti vāsubāndhavapratyakṣa-lakṣaṇāt pūrvataḥ sata eva arthasya grahaṇaṃ jñāpyate, kṣaṇaikakālamātrasthitasya paramāṇoḥ vijñānasya

ya sarūpaṇamiti sautrāntikapakṣo'ṅgīkriyate | itthaṃ sanniakrṣatrikasparśayoḥ

bhede vastunaḥ sthiratva - kṣaṇikatve eva prayojake

| jñāne pratimāsamāna ākāra eva vastunaḥ arthakriyā, eṣa eva ca vastunaḥ sattvam < etadadhigamenaiva dhiyaḥ saṃvāditvam, saṃvāditvācca pramāṇyaṃ svīkṛtam |

 

evaṃ ca pratyakṣānumānayoḥ dvayorapi sākṣāt

paramparayā vā aviśeṣato vastvadhigamena avisaṃvādanāt prāmāṇyaṃ siddhyati |

yadyapi abauddhanaiyāyikairapi dhiyo nirākāratayā arthenaiva viśeṣo manyate, kintu arthakriyākāritvena vastunaḥ sattvamanaṅgīkṛtya, taiḥ jñānārthendriyāṇām ekakālikatvakṣaṇasattvapakṣaḥ

apahastitaḥ | ata eva teṣāṃ mate pūrvakālato vartamānayoḥ indriyārthayoḥ, avayavisatoḥ , saṃyogena trikṣaṇāvasthāyinoḥ jñānagunasyotpādaḥ

siddhāntasiddho bhavati | kāṇādagautamīyānāṃ nirākāravāditve'pi kṣaṇasattva-virodhād dravyaguṇakarmāṇi parāparātmakarūpeṇa

sāmānyaviśeṣātmakāni jñāyante | tatra ca anekeṣāṃ pramāṇāṃ saṃplavo'pi na virūddhyate

| bauddhamate tu viśeṣamātraṃ vastu, tadgrāhakaṃ ca kevalaṃ pratyakṣam, tadbhinnaṃ sarvamapi prātitikaṃ sāmānyamātram, tadgrāhakaṃ cānumānamiti pṛṣṭhabhāvi-vikalpa iti ca pakṣamaṃgīkṛtya asaṃkīrṇa pramāṇaṃ-prameyaṃ ca saṃsthāpya paraparikalpitapramāṇāni

dvayorevāntaḥ vilīyante | bauddhānāṃ cāyaṃ pramāntarbhāvaprakaraḥ tato'rvācīnaiḥ

prayāśaḥ sakalairapi vedānugaiḥ nyāyadarśanakāraiḥ icchayā anicchayā vā avaśyasamarthanīyo

jātaḥ, anyāni ca pramāṇāni taiḥ

anumāne antarbhāvitāni evaṃ ca bauddhamatena upamānaśabdārthāpattyanupalabdhi- pramāṇajātaṃ jñānanirākāravāditvea samāne'pi

bauddhamate nirākāratvavaśād jñānasya svāṃśe nirvikalpatvam, paramārthamātragrāhitvam, jñānasya svaprakāśatvam, pramāṇānāṃ ca prāyaśaḥ svataḥ pramāṇyamiti vādāḥ

saprasaṅgaṃ samudbhāvitāḥ |

 

śāṅkaramate tu paramārthabhūtaṃ brahyaṃ pratyakṣagocaram, taddhi nirvikalpakaṃ nirākāraṃ svaprakāśaṃ

svataḥ pramāṇamiti bauddhapakṣamātmagatamiva kṛtvā svasañcchannaṃ saugatapramāṇanugatvaṃ

vicchinnaṃ karoti | kiṃ bahunā, dravyaguṇakarmaṇāṃ nyāyaparikalpitalakṣaṇāni, avayavi-sāmānya-samavāya-saṃyogādīnāṃ svarūpato nirāsaḥ pūrvatanaiḥ

sautrāntikādibhiḥ kṛta eva brahyasūtra-tacchāṅkara-bhāṣyaṭīkādiṣu anukṛtaḥ bahudhā svaparibhāṣayā

samarthitaśca | kimadhikena, satyadvayaṃ trayaṃ vā ādhṛtya śaṃkarabhagavatpādaiḥ mithyāvādamūlo'dvaitavādo

yo hi khyāpitaḥ sa sautrāntikānāṃ sva-samānyagatavastusattādvayavādasya anukaraṇamātrameva

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na tirohitaṃ yad bauddhamate yathā svalakṣaṇamāśrityaiva

mithyābhūtaṃ sāmānyalakṣaṇaṃ vastutvena adhyavasīyate, tathaiva brahyavāde brahyādhiṣṭhānakaṃ nānātvaṃ

mithyābhūtamapi bhāsate | svalakṣaṇasya jñānātiriktatvena ānāntyena ca , brahyaṇo jñānarūpatvena ekatvena ca yo hi āpātiko

bhedo dṛśyate, so'pi vijñānavāde asta

iva jāyate | ayaṃ hi vistarabhiyā tyajyate |

 

astyanyo'pyavadheyo bauddhapramāṇamīmāṃsāyāḥ

prakarṣaḥ | prāyaśo bāhyavastusiddhihetoreva pramāṇavyavasthā sarvereva bauddhābauddhavastuvādibhiḥ

vikāsamāpāditā, tenaiva ca nāgārjunāryadevādibhiḥ

sarvāstivādasammato niṣkampo pramāṇaprameyavyavahāraḥ niḥsvabhāvatāvajraśilāyāṃ

vikampito vikhaṇḍitaśca , tadanusṛtya ca śāṅkarādvaitibhirapi

śrīharṣacitsukhaprabhṛtibhiḥ sasāṃkhyolūkyādi-vastuvādaḥ sāṭopaṃ niḥśeṣatāṃ nītaḥ | satyasmin

matapravāhe aticitraṃ bauddhanaiyāyikānām, yattaiḥ vijñānavyatiriktaṃ pramātṛprameyadibāhyāsattvaṃ

niṣedhayadbhirapi diṅnāga-dharmakīrttiprabhṛtibhiḥ

vijñaptimātratāvaśād bhāratīyapramāṇaśāstraṃ nirbādhaṃ ṇyāyaprakarṣasya parāṃ

koṭimāpāditam | etadabhinavaprasthānamanurūdhya vaidikaiḥ advaitavādibhiḥ

svasvaprasthānānurodhipramāṇaśāstraṃ na ācaritam | ye tu arvācīnāḥ kecana

granthā upalabhyante , te prāyaḥ gautama-bhaṭṭa-prabhākarādīnāṃ nayānukaraṇamūlā eva |

 

āsīt ādau prameyāpekṣayaiva pramāṇasiddhivyavasthā, tadanurodhenaiva ca dharmakīrttinā'pi svapramāṇavārtike

bāhulyena sautrāntikābhimato vastusadvādaḥ aṅgīkṛta ityasti saugatābhiyuktānāṃ

pāramparikam abhimatam | etanmatasya sārāvabodhaḥ bhoṭabhāṣāntaritānekavyākhyāgranthālocanaireva

nirṇeyaḥ | vastutastu bāhyasattvāsattvobhayavādasaha evāyaṃ pramāṇaparo grantha

iti pramāṇavārttikānurodhena samupalabdhamanorathanandivṛtti-alaṅkārabhāṣyālocanena ca pratīyate |

 

bāhyārthavādibhiḥ bāhyārthamantareṇa kāryakāraṇabhāvo

jñāpyajñāpakabhāvaḥ tadabhāve ca anumānavyavahāro na svīkriyate, kintu diṅnāgadharmakīrttiprabhṛtayaḥ pramāṇyavivecanāya

vijñānavādaṃ yathā avirūddhamanukūlaṃ ca jānanti , na tathā bāhyārthavādam  | yadyapi bāhyārthasatprameyamapekṣyaiva jñānaprāmāṇyaprasaṃge

arthakriyākāritvam, arthaprāpakatvam, arthādhyavasāyaḥ , pratyakṣe indriyādi vijñānam, anumāne liṅgaliṅginoḥ sambandhaḥ, dhūmādagnibodhaścetyādikaṃ sampadyata iti āpātataḥ

pratīyate, tathāpi etatsakalo'pi

vyavahāraḥ yataḥ pratibhāsamūlatvenaiva loke prayujyate, śāstre cāpi vicāryate | bāhyārthasvīkārapakṣe'pi

pratibhāsabalādeva ca bāhyārtho'pi adhigato bhavati, ato bāhyetaravādayoḥ samānarūpa eva pramāṇavicāro

vijñānavādibhiḥ prastūyate | niyatākārabodhahetutve bāhyārtha eva prayojaka iti

bāhyārthibhiḥ svīkriyate, kintu bāhyo vā, prabuddhavāsanāviśeṣo vā , samanantarapratyayo vā prabodhakatvena niyāmakaḥ

syādityanenāpi na kācid vyavahārabādhā | vijñānavādinaiyāyikaiḥ yā bāhyārthahcintā

urarīkriyate, sā na bāhyārthavyapekṣayā

apitu dhiyo vinimayāpekṣayā tattvāvagāhinī bhavati |  uktaṃ pramāṇavārtike tadupekṣitatattvārtheḥ bāhyacintā

pratanyate' iti ' kasyacit kiṃcidevāntarvāsanāyāḥ prayojakam |

tato dhiyāṃ vinimayā na bāhyārthavyapekṣayā | | iti ca |

 

' upalambha eva vastusattā' iti matamāmanadbhiḥ vijñānavādibhiḥ na arthena

prayojanamaṅgīkriyate apitu pratibhāsenaiva | pratibhāso hi bāhyamantareṇaiva

bhavati iti khyātameva | evaṃ sati dhūmādagnyanumāne dhūmapratibhāsā buddhiḥ

agnivāsanāpratibaddhā satī ekapratyayasāmagrībalād agnibhāsāṃ dhiyaṃ janayati |

vastutastu ācāryadharmakīrtimate vāsanaiva arthakriyākāritvena paramārthaḥ | sa

ca pratibhāsarūpaḥ, yo hi jñānasya paramārthato

viṣayaḥ | bāhyārthavāde'pi bahisthaḥ tātkāliko bahnirna anumīyate , ekasminkāle kāryakāraṇaparijñānābhāvāt apitu

bhāvibhūtaḥ | bhāvibhūtaścāgniḥ pratibhāsarūpa eva | ata eva nahi apratibhāsena

agninā pramāṇacarcāyāṃ kiṃcit prayojanaṃ siddhayati | evaṃ vāsanaiva bhāvipratibhāsā, ekatayā ca pratīyamānā pravartikā bhavat |

uktaṃ ca pramāṇavārtike -

 

tatrāpi dhūmābhāsā dhīḥ prabodhapaṭuvāsanām |

gameyadagninirbhāsāṃ dhiyameva na pāvakam | | iti |

 

yattu sautrāntikavādamanusṛtya bāhyārthapekṣayā

svasāmānyarūpābhyāṃ vastudvayavyavasthā, tadanurodhena ca pramāṇadvairūpyamiti diṅnāgadharmakīrttiprabhṛtibhiḥ

kṛtam tat sahopalambhaniyamadarśanāt samañjasameva | bāhyārthamanudhya dvairūpyasiddhānto

yo hi ācāryervihitaḥ sa parāpekṣayaiva , na vijñānavādāpekṣayā | svayūthyavidvadanurodhena

tu pramāṇavyavasthāyāṃ vijñānavāda eva śaraṇamiti, ubhayathā'pi pramāṇaprameyadvairūpyasiddhāntaḥ

samañjasaḥ | uktaṃ cācāryeṇa -

 

astyeva viduṣāṃ vādo bāhyaṃ tvāśritya varṇyate

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dvairūpyaṃ sahasaṃvittiniyamāt tacca siddhyati

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